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Soccer in Sun and Shadow
By Eduardo Galeano, Mark Fried OPEN ROAD INTEGRATED MEDIA
Copyright © 2013 Eduardo Galeano
All rights reserved.
ISBN: 978-1-4976-3904-1
CHAPTER 1
Soccer
The history of soccer is a sad voyage from beauty to duty. When the sport became an industry, the beauty that blossoms from the joy of play got torn out by its very roots. In this fin de siècle world, professional soccer condemns all that is useless, and useless means not profitable. Nobody earns a thing from that crazy feeling that for a moment turns a man into a child playing with a balloon like a cat with a ball of yarn, a ballet dancer who romps with a ball as light as a balloon or a ball of yarn, playing without even knowing he's playing, with no purpose or clock or referee.
Play has become spectacle, with few protagonists and many spectators, soccer for watching. And that spectacle has become one of the most profitable businesses in the world, organized not for play but rather to impede it. The technocracy of professional sport has managed to impose a soccer of lightning speed and brute strength, a soccer that negates joy, kills fantasy and outlaws daring.
Luckily, on the field you can still see, even if only once in a long while, some insolent rascal who sets aside the script and commits the blunder of dribbling past the entire opposing side, the referee, and the crowd in the stands, all for the carnal delight of embracing the forbidden adventure of freedom.
CHAPTER 2
The Player
Panting, he runs up the wing. On one side awaits heaven's glory; on the other, ruin's abyss.
He is the envy of the neighborhood: the professional athlete who escaped the factory or the office and gets paid to have fun. He won the lottery. And even if he has to sweat buckets, with no right to failure or fatigue, he gets into the papers and on TV. His name is on the radio, women swoon over him and children yearn to be like him. But he started out playing for pleasure in the dirt streets of the slums, and now plays out of duty in stadiums where he has no choice but to win or to win.
Businessmen buy him, sell him, lend him, and he lets it all happen in return for the promise of more fame and more money. The more successful he is and the more money he makes, the more of a prisoner he becomes. Forced to live by military discipline, he suffers the punishing daily round of training and the bombardments of painkillers and cortisone that hide his aches and fool his body. And on the eve of big matches, they lock him up in a concentration camp where he does forced labor, eats tasteless food, gets drunk on water, and sleeps alone.
In other human trades, decline comes with old age, but a soccer player can be old at thirty. Muscles tire early: "That guy couldn't score if the field were on a slope."
"Him? Not even if they tied the keeper's hands."
Or before thirty if the ball knocks him out, or bad luck tears a muscle, or a kick breaks a bone and it can't be fixed. And one rotten day the player discovers he has bet his life on a single card and his money is gone and so is his fame. Fame, that fleeting lady, did not even leave him a Dear John letter.
CHAPTER 3
The Goalkeeper
They also call him doorman, keeper, goalie, bouncer, or net-minder, but he could just as well be called martyr, pay-all, penitent, or punching bag. They say where he walks the grass never grows.
He is alone, condemned to watch the match from afar. Never leaving the goal, his only company the two posts and the crossbar, he awaits his own execution by firing squad. He used to dress in black, like the referee. Now the referee doesn't have to dress like a crow and the goalkeeper can console himself in his solitude with colorful gear.
He does not score goals; he is there to keep them from being scored. The goal is soccer's fiesta: the striker sparks delight and the goalkeeper, a wet blanket, snuffs it out.
He wears the number one on his back. The first to be paid? No, the first to pay. It is always the keeper's fault. And when it isn't, he still gets blamed. Whenever a player commits a foul, the keeper is the one who gets punished: they abandon him there in the immensity of the empty net to face his executioner alone. And when the team has a bad afternoon, he is the one who pays the bill, expiating the sins of others under a rain of flying balls.
The rest of the players can blow it once in a while, or often, and then redeem themselves with a spectacular dribble, a masterful pass, a well-placed volley. Not him. The crowd never forgives the goalkeeper. Was he drawn out by a fake? Left looking ridiculous? Did the ball skid? Did his fingers of steel turn to putty? With a single slip-up the goalie can ruin a match or lose a championship, and the fans suddenly forget all his feats and condemn him to eternal disgrace. Damnation will follow him to the end of his days.
CHAPTER 4
The Idol
One fine day the goddess of the wind kisses the foot of man, that mistreated, scorned foot, and from that kiss the soccer idol is born. He is born in a straw crib in a tin-roofed shack and he enters the world clinging to a ball.
From the moment he learns to walk, he knows how to play. In his early years he brings joy to the sandlots, plays like crazy in the back alleys of the slums until night falls and you can't see the ball. In his early manhood he takes flight and the stadiums fly with him. His acrobatic art draws multitudes, Sunday after Sunday, from victory to victory, ovation to ovation.
The ball seeks him out, knows him, needs him. She rests and rocks on the top of his foot. He caresses her and makes her speak, and in that tête-à-tête millions of mutes converse. The nobodies, those condemned to always be nobodies, feel they are somebodies for a moment by virtue of those one-two passes, those dribbles that draw Z's on the grass, those incredible backheel goals or overhead volleys. When he plays, the team has twelve players: "Twelve? It has fifteen! Twenty!"
The ball laughs, radiant, in the air. He brings her down, puts her to sleep, showers her with compliments, dances with her, and seeing such things never before seen his admirers pity their unborn grandchildren who will never see them.
But the idol is an idol for only a moment, a human eternity, all of nothing. And when the time comes for the golden foot to become a lame duck, the star will have completed his journey from burst of light to black hole. His body has more patches than a clown's costume, and by now the acrobat is a cripple, the artist a beast of burden: "Not with your clodhoppers!"
The fountain of public adulation becomes the lightning rod of public rancor: "You mummy!"
Sometimes the idol does not fall all at once. And sometimes when he breaks, people devour the pieces.
CHAPTER 5
The Fan
Once a week, the fan flees his house for the stadium.
Banners wave and the air resounds with noisemakers, firecrackers and drums; it rains streamers and confetti. The city disappears, its routine forgotten. All that exists is the temple. In this sacred place, the only religion without atheists puts its divinities on display. Although the fan can contemplate the miracle more comfortably on TV, he prefers to make the pilgrimage to this spot where he can see his angels in the flesh doing battle with the demons of the day.
Here the fan shakes his handkerchief, gulps his saliva, swallows his bile, eats his cap, whispers prayers and curses and suddenly lets loose a full-throated scream, leaping like a flea to hug the stranger at his side cheering the goal. While the pagan mass lasts, the fan is many. Along with thousands of other devotees he shares the certainty that we are the best, that all referees are crooked, that all our adversaries cheat.
Rarely does the fan say, "My club plays today." He says, "We play today." He knows it is "player number twelve" who stirs up the winds of fervor that propel the ball when she falls asleep, just as the other eleven players know that playing without their fans is like dancing without music.
When the match is over, the fan, who has not moved from the stands, celebrates his victory: "What a goal we scored!" "What a beating we gave them!" Or he cries over his defeat: "They swindled us again." "Thief of a referee." And then the sun goes down and so does the fan. Shadows fall over the emptying stadium. On the concrete terracing, a few fleeting bonfires burn, while the lights and voices fade. The stadium is left alone and the fan, too, returns to his solitude: to the I who had been we. The fan goes off, the crowd breaks up and melts away, and Sunday becomes as melancholy as Ash Wednesday after the death of Carnival.
CHAPTER 6
The Fanatic
The fanatic is a fan in a madhouse. His mania for denying all evidence finally upended whatever once passed for his mind, and the remains of the shipwreck spin about aimlessly in waters whipped by a fury that gives no quarter.
The fanatic shows up at the stadium prickling with strident and aggressive paraphernalia, wrapped in the team flag, his face painted the colors of his beloved team's shirts; on the way he makes a lot of noise and a lot of fuss. He never comes alone. In the midst of the rowdy crowd, dangerous centipede, this cowed man will cow others, this frightened man becomes frightening. Omnipotence on Sunday exorcises the obedient life he leads the rest of the week: the bed with no desire, the job with no calling, or no job at all. Liberated for a day, the fanatic has much to avenge.
In an epileptic fit he watches the match but does not see it. His arena is the stands. They are his battleground. The mere presence of a fan of the other side constitutes an inexcusable provocation. Good is not violent by nature, but Evil leaves it no choice. The enemy, always in the wrong, deserves a thrashing. The fanatic cannot let his mind wander because the enemy is everywhere, even in that quiet spectator who at any moment might offer the opinion that the rival team is playing fairly. Then he'll get what he deserves.
CHAPTER 7
The Goal
The goal is soccer's orgasm. And like orgasms, goals have become an ever less frequent occurrence in modern life.
Half a century ago, it was a rare thing for a match to end scoreless: 0—0, two open mouths, two yawns. Now the eleven players spend the entire match hanging from the crossbar, trying to stop goals, and they have no time to score them.
The excitement unleashed whenever the white bullet makes the net ripple might appear mysterious or crazy, but remember, the miracle does not happen often. The goal, even if it be a little one, is always a goooooooooooooooooooooal in the throat of the commentators, a "do" sung from the chest that would leave Caruso forever mute and the crowd goes nuts and the stadium forgets that it is made of concrete and breaks free of the earth and flies through the air.
CHAPTER 8
The Referee
In Spanish he is the árbitro and he is arbitrary by definition. An abominable tyrant who runs his dictatorship without opposition, a pompous executioner who exercises his absolute power with an operatic flourish. Whistle between his lips, he blows the winds of inexorable fate to allow a goal or to disallow one. Card in hand, he raises the colors of doom: yellow to punish the sinner and oblige him to repent, and red to force him into exile.
The linesmen, who assist but do not rule, look on from the side. Only the referee steps onto the playing field, and he is certainly right to cross himself when he first appears before the roaring crowd. His job is to make himself hated. The only universal sentiment in soccer: everybody hates him. He gets only catcalls, never applause.
Nobody runs more. This interloper, whose panting fills the ears of all twenty-two players, is obliged to run the entire match without pause. He breaks his back galloping like a horse, and in return for his pains the crowd howls for his head. From beginning to end he sweats oceans chasing the white ball that skips back and forth between the feet of everyone else. Of course he would love to play, but never has he been offered that privilege. When the ball hits him by accident, the entire stadium curses his mother. But even so, he is willing to suffer insults, jeers, stones, and damnation just to be there in that sacred green space where the ball floats and glides.
Sometimes, though rarely, his judgment coincides with the inclinations of the fans, but not even then does he emerge unscathed. The losers owe their loss to him and the winners triumph in spite of him. Scapegoat for every error, cause of every misfortune, the fans would have to invent him if he did not already exist. The more they hate him, the more they need him.
For over a century the referee dressed in mourning. For whom? For himself. Now he wears bright colors to disguise his distress.
(Continues...)
Excerpted from Soccer in Sun and Shadow by Eduardo Galeano, Mark Fried. Copyright © 2013 Eduardo Galeano. Excerpted by permission of OPEN ROAD INTEGRATED MEDIA.
All rights reserved. No part of this excerpt may be reproduced or reprinted without permission in writing from the publisher.
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<Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Dedication xi
Acknowledgments xiii
Introduction Rory Smith xv
Author's Confession 1
Soccer 2
The Player 3
The Goalkeeper 4
The Idol 5
The Fan 7
The Fanatic 8
The Goal 9
The Referee 10
The Manager 12
The Theater 14
The Specialists 16
The Language of Soccer Doctors 17
Choreographed War 18
The Language of War 19
The Stadium 20
The Ball 21
The Origins 25
The Rules of the Game 28
The English Invasions 31
Creole Soccer 33
The Story of Fla and Flu 35
The Opiate of the People? 36
A Rolling Flag 38
Blacks 42
Zamora 43
Samitier 45
Death on the Field 46
Friedenreich 47
From Mutilation to Splendor 48
The Second Discovery of America 50
Andrade 53
Ringlets 54
The Olympic Goal 55
Goal by Piendibene 56
The Bicycle Kick 57
Scarone 58
Goal by Scarone 59
The Occult Forces 60
Goal by Nolo 61
The 1930 World Cup 62
Nasazzi 65
Camus 66
Juggernauts 67
Turning Pro 68
The 1934 World Cup 69
God and the Devil in Rio de Janeiro 71
The Sources of Misfortune 73
Amulets and Spells 74
Erico 76
The 1938 World Cup 77
Goal by Meazza 80
Leônidas 81
Domingos 82
Domingos and She 83
Goal by Atilio 84
The Perfect Kiss Would Like to Be Unique 85
The Machine 86
Moreno 87
Pedernera 89
Goal by Severino 90
Bombs 91
The Man Who Turned Iron into Wind 92
Contact Therapy 93
Goal by Martino 95
Goal by Heleno 96
The 1950 World Cup 97
Obdulio 100
Barbosa 101
Goal by Zarra 102
Goal by Zizinho 103
The Fun Lovers 104
The 1954 World Cup 105
Goal by Rahn 107
Walking Advertisements 108
Goal by Di Stéfano 111
Di Stéfano 112
Goal by Garrincha 113
The 1958 World Cup 114
Goal by Nílton 117
Garrincha 118
Didi 120
Didi and She 121
Kopa 122
Carrizo 123
Shirt Fever 124
Goal by Puskás 128
Goal by Sanfilippo 129
The 1962 World Cup 130
Goal by Charlton 133
Yashin 134
Goal by Gento 135
Seeler 136
Matthews 137
The 1966 World Cup 138
Greaves 141
Goal by Beckenbauer 142
Eusebio 143
The Curse of the Posts 144
Penarol's Glory Years 146
Goal by Rocha 147
My Poor Beloved Mother 148
Tears Do Not Flow from a Handkerchief 149
Goal by Pelé 151
Pelé 152
The 1970 World Cup 153
Goal by Jairzinho 155
The Fiesta 156
Soccer and the Generals 158
Don't Blink 159
Goal by Maradona 160
The 1974 World Cup 161
Cruyff 164
Müller 165
Havelange 166
The Owners of the Ball 168
Jesus 173
The 1978 World Cup 174
Happiness 177
Goal by Gemmill 179
Goal by Bettega 180
Goal by Sunderland 181
The 1982 World Cup 182
Pears from an Elm 185
Platini 187
Pagan Sacrifices 188
The 1986 World Cup 192
The Telecracy 195
Staid and Standardized 198
Running Drugstores 200
Chants of Scorn 201
Anything Goes 203
Indigestion 207
The 1990 World Cup 208
Goal by Rincón 210
Hugo Sánchez 211
The Cricket and the Ant 213
Gullit 214
Parricide 216
Goal by Zico 217
A Sport of Evasion 218
The 1994 World Cup 222
Romário 225
Baggio 226
A Few Numbers 227
The Duty of Losing 229
The Sin of Losing 230
Maradona 232
They Don't Count 237
An Export Industry 239
The End of the Match 242
Extra Time: The 1998 World Cup 245
The 2002 World Cup 253
The 2006 World Cup 258
The 2010 World Cup 263
Sources 271
Index 279