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Patient Capital: The Challenges and Promises of Long-Term Investing

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How to overcome barriers to the long-term investments that are essential for solving the world's biggest problems

There has never been a greater need for long-term investments to tackle the world's most difficult problems, such as climate change, human health, and decaying infrastructure. And it is increasingly unlikely that the public sector will be willing or able to fill this gap. If these critical needs are to be met, the major pools of long-term, patient capital--including pensions, sovereign wealth funds, university endowments, and wealthy individuals and families--will have to play a large role. In this accessible and authoritative account of long-term capital investment, two leading experts on the subject, Victoria Ivashina and Josh Lerner, highlight the significant hurdles facing long-term investors and propose concrete ways to overcome these difficulties.

ISBN-13: 9780691217086

Media Type: Paperback

Publisher: Princeton University Press

Publication Date: 04-13-2021

Pages: 264

Product Dimensions: 6.12(w) x 9.25(h) x (d)

Victoria Ivashina is the Lovett-Learned Professor of Finance at Harvard Business School. Josh Lerner is the Jacob H. Schiff Professor of Investment Banking at Harvard Business School and the author of, among other books, Boulevard of Broken Dreams: Why Public Efforts to Boost Entrepreneurship and Venture Capital Have Failed--and What to Do about It (Princeton).

What People are Saying About This

From the Publisher

"Few scholarly, well-researched books have been written on long-term private investing. Victoria Ivashina and Josh Lerner have undertaken a real public service in writing what will undoubtedly become the definitive book on the subject. My only regret in reading this book is that I did not write it."—David Rubenstein, Co-Founder and Co-Executive Chairman, The Carlyle Group

"You may not think your life depends on long-term investors, but it does—the health of your company's pension plan, your state or country's social security fund, indeed the very comfort of your retirement, depends on the success of long-term investing. In this very readable book, Ivashina and Lerner, two of the foremost experts on the subject, tell you what is going wrong, and how to set it right. It is a must-read for every anxious investor and every concerned taxpayer."—Raghuram Rajan, University of Chicago

" 'The trees that are slowest to grow bear the best fruit,' Molière says. And that is why this lucid and refreshing account of how to overcome the barriers to long-term investment deserves the attention of pension funds, insurers, sovereign wealth funds, and endowments. After all, the potential fruits are not just quality returns, but significant benefits to society."—Dominique Senequier, President, Ardian

"The antidote for short-term horizons in public markets is long-term investment in private markets. In Patient Capital, Ivashina and Lerner survey the private equity world, employing an engaging combination of captivating anecdotes and solid academic research. A must-read for all who care about the future of capitalism."—David F. Swensen, Chief Investment Officer, Yale University

“This book provides a thorough and thoughtful analysis of the role that patient, long-term capital plays in the economy. Ivashina and Lerner do a wonderful job of combining clear and intuitive explanations with entertaining anecdotes that keep the reader’s attention and make it easier to understand the underlying ideas. At every point their in-depth knowledge shines through and makes for a very enjoyable read.”—Antoinette Schoar, MIT Sloan School of Management

Patient Capital is a compelling and thought-provoking book about an important but poorly understood aspect of finance—the role of long‐term investors in our capital markets. It will appeal to finance scholars; those who work for pension funds, endowments, insurance companies, sovereign wealth funds, and the venture capital and private equity industries; and entrepreneurs who rely on them for financing.”—Jeffrey R. Brown, Dean of the University of Illinois’s Gies College of Business and Investment Committee Chair for TIAA

Table of Contents

Preface: Private Capital 101 ix

Acknowledgments xiii

1 The Need for Investing Long-Term 1

What Is Long-Term Investing and Why Is It Needed? 7

The Challenges of Long-Term Investing 13

Road Map for the Book 18

Final Thoughts 23

2 The Most Important People in the Room 24

Endowments and the Centrality of Equity 25

Families and the Embrace of Illiquid Funds 30

Scaling Up and the Focus on Funds 35

Back to the Future 40

Final Thoughts 45

3 The Long-Term Conundrum 47

Appearance versus Reality 48

The Great Gazelle Hunt 56

Final Thoughts 70

4 Investing as if the Long Term Mattered 71

Governance 79

Measurement 85

Incentives 90

Communication 94

Final Thoughts 98

5 The Genesis of Private Capital 99

The Pioneer of the Professional Long-Term Investment 100

Creating the Fund Model 105

The Broadening of Private Capital 108

Premature Expansion 113

The Scaling of Private Capital 117

Final Thoughts 123

6 The Fund Manager's Challenge 124

The Design of Incentives 128

The Impact of Growth 136

Passing the Baton 142

Recent Initiatives: Is the Cure Worse Than the Disease? 146

Final Thoughts 154

7 Revisiting the Private Capital Partnership 155

A Benchmark and an Upstart 156

Building Flexibility 160

Governance 165

Measuring Performance 167

Structuring Rewards 171

Final Thoughts 173

8 The Best (or Worst) of Both Worlds 174

Why Go Direct? 175

What Are the Challenges? 178

Best Practices 192

9 The Future of Long-Term Investing 197

A Healthy Private Capital Industry 199

Déjà Vu All Over Again 203

The Limited Partners' Desertion 205

A Broken Industry 207

Getting to the Upper Left Scenario 208

Wrapping Up 213

Notes 215

Index 239