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A Model for All Christian Women: Candida Xu, a Chinese Christian Woman of the Seventeenth Century

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This biography of Candida Xu (1607-1680), granddaughter of the prominent Chinese Christian convert and statesman Xu Guangqi (1562-1633) and foremost Chinese Christian woman of the seventeenth century, is based on the biography of Candida Xu titled Histoire d'une dame chrétienne de la Chine (Paris, 1688) written by her confessor Philippe Couplet, S.J. (1623-1693), an obituary of his mother and other writings by her eldest son, and the Xu family history. Using these as well as other relevant European missionary and Chinese language sources, Candida Xu's life as daughter, wife, mother, and generous contributor to the Christian Church is recounted. Events in her life are set in the context of historical and religious circumstances in China at the time. Consideration of the situation of women, particularly Christian women, draws out how Candida Xu's faith helped her and other believing Christian women to gain greater freedom of choice and action.


ISBN-13: 9780367682927

Media Type: Paperback

Publisher: Taylor & Francis

Publication Date: 08-01-2022

Pages: 162

Product Dimensions: 6.88(w) x 9.69(h) x (d)

Series: Collectanea Serica. New Series

Gail King was born and raised in a small farming town in Colorado in the western U.S. She received a B.A. in East Asian Studies from the University of Colorado, worked as a bookmobile librarian in Colorado for four years, and completed an M.A. and Ph.D. (1982) in Chinese Literature at the University of Chicago. From October 1982 until retirement in May 2019 she served as the Asian Studies Librarian in the Harold B. Lee Library of Brigham Young University in Provo, Utah.

Table of Contents

Acknowledgments vii

Preface D.E. Mungello ix

List of Abbreviations xiii

Map: China in the time of Candida Xu xv

Introduction 1

Chapter 1 Roots of the Xu Family: The Generations before Candida Xu 15

Chapter 2 Childhood and Married Life 31

Chapter 3 The Widowed Years 63

Chapter 4 The Legacy of Candida Xu 99

Appendices:

Appendix 1 "Baolun tang gao" $$$. Autobiographical Preface by Hesha $$$ (Xu Zuanzeng $$$). Translation of Portions Related to Candida Xu 115

Appendix 2 Xu Zuanzeng's Biography of His Mother Candida Xu. Translation of "Compendio de la vida y la muerte de Doña Candida, sacado de un librito, que imprimió su hijo D. Basilio Hiù." Translated by Matt Hill 121

Appendix 3 Xu Yunxi, Foreword to the 1938 edition of Yiwei Zhongguo fengjiao taitai $$$ 133

Bibliography 135

Index with Glossary 155

List of Illustrations and Maps

Cover: Section of a Portrait of Candida Xu. From: Philippe Couplet, Histoire d'une dame chrétienne de la Chine. Paris 1688.

Frontispiece: Portrait of Candida Xu. From: Philippe Couplet, Histoire d'une dame chrétienne de la Chine, Paris 1688, preceding p. 1. Courtesy of the Archives and Special Collections, James Ford Bell Library, University of Minnesota Library.

Map: China in the time of Candida Xu. Map produced by the Geospatial Lab of the Harold B. Lee Library, Brigham Young University. XV

Introduction

Figure 1. Title page of Philippe Couplet, Histoire d'une dame chrétienne de la Chine. Paris 1688. Courtesy of the Archives and Special Collections, James Ford Bell Library, University of Minnesota Library. 7

Chapter 1 Roots of the Xu Family

Figure 2. Portrait of Xu Guangqi. From: Xu shi paoyan $$$ (Memorials and Correspondence of Xu Guangqi). Shanghai: Tushanwan yinshuguan, 1933, following the title page. Copy held in the Monumenta Serica Institute Library. 24

Chapter 2 Childhood and Married Life

Figure 3. A view of the walled city of Shanghai (Ming period). From: virtualshanghai.net/Maps/Source?ID=356 (accessed 15 July, 2020) 32

Figure 4. Eighteenth-century map of Shanghai. From: (Qianlong) Shanghai xian zhi $$$, Qianlong 15 (1750), shou juan $$$, huitu $$$. 33

Figure 5. The Xu residence in Shanghai. From: Auguste M. Colombel, S.J., "Histoire de la Mission du Kiang-nan en trois parties." Shanghai: Biblioteca Major Zikawei, 1900. Manuscript copy, courtesy of the Ricci Institute Library, University of San Francisco. 34

Figure 6. Woman reeling silk thread using cold water. From: Xu Guangqi $$$, Nongzheng quanshu $$$, juan 33, "Cansang" $$$ (Sericulture), Section "Canshi tupu" $$$ (Illustrations of Things [Related to] Silkworms). Tongzhi 13 (1874) ed. Shanghai: Wenhai shuju. Copy held in the Monumenta Serica Institute Library. 39

Chapter 3 The Widowed Years

Figure 7. Image Coronation of Mary and beginning of the meditation about the fifth Joyful Mystery. From: Song nianzhu guicheng $$$. Beijing 1638. Courtesy of Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale di Roma, copy held in the section Manoscritti e Rari (72.B.298). 75

Figure 8. Images of Candida Xu's cross. From: Histoire d'une dame chrétienne de la Chine, between pp. 140 and 141. Courtesy of the Archives and Special Collections, James Ford Bell Library, University of Minnesota Library. 96

Chapter 4 The Legacy of Candida Xu

Figure 9. Portraits of Xu Guangqi and Candida Xu. From: Jean-Baptiste Du Halde, S.J. Description geographique, historique … de la Chine et de la Tartaric chinoise. Paris 1735, Tome III, between pp. 120 and 121. Copy held in the Monumenta Serica Institute Library. 106

Back cover: Image of Candida Xu's cross. Section of Figure 8.