Table of Contents
Acknowledgments xiii
Introduction xv
Scope of This Book xv
Organization xvi
General Foraging Guidelines / Ethical and Safe Collection xvi
The Ozarks Physiographic Region xix
Poisonous Plants xx
Magnolids 1
Annonaceae (custard apples, soursop) 2
Pawpaw (Asimina triloba) 2
Aristolochiaceae (birthworts, pipevines) 5
Wild Ginger (Asarum canadense) 5
Lauraceae (laurels) 7
Spicebush (Lindera benzoin) 7
Sassafras (Sassafras albidum) 9
Eudicots 11
Adoxaceae (muskroots, elderberries, viburnums, moschatels) 12
Common Elderberry (Sambucus canadensis) 13
Blackhaw (Viburnum prunifolium) 15
Amaranthaceae (amaranths, goosefoots) 17
Common Amaranth (Amaranthus retroflexus) 17
Lamb's Quarter (Chenopodium album) 20
Anacardiaceae (cashews, sumacs) 22
Smooth Sumac (Rhus glabra) 22
Apiaceae (carrots, parsley) 25
Spreading Chervil (Chaerophyllum procumbens) 25
Canadian Honewort (Cryptotaenia canadensis) 26
Wild Carrot (Daucus carota) 27
Aniseroot (Osmorhiza longistylus) 29
Apocynaceae (milkweeds) 31
Common Milkweed (Asclepias syriaca) 31
Asteraceae (asters, sunflowers, composite-flowered plants) 33
Horseweed (Conyza canadensis) 33
Common Burdock (Arctium minus) 34
Tall Thistle (Cirsium altissimum) 38
Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) 40
Oxeye Daisy (Leucanthemum vulgare) 42
Cut-leaved Coneflower (Rudbeckia laciniatd) 43
Asteraceae, subfamily Ckhorieae (Dandelion Tribe) 45
Chicory (Chicorium intybus) 45
Tall Wild Lettuce (Lactuca canadensis) 47
Common Sow Thistle (Sonchus oleraceus) 50
Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) 51
Betulaceae (birches, hazelnuts) 53
American Hazelnut (Corylus americana) 53
Berberidaceae (barberries, mayapples) 55
Mayappte (Podophyllum peltatum) 55
Boraginaceae (waterleafs, forget-me-nots, borages) 57
Virginia Waterleaf (Hydrophyllum virginianum) 57
Virginia Bluebells (Mertensia virginica) 59
Brassicaceae (mustards) 61
Garlic Mustard (Alliaria petiolate) 61
Wintercress (Barbarea vulgaris) 63
Shepherds Purse (Capsella bursapastoris) 65
Cut-leaved Toothworr (Cardamine concatinata) 66
Haity Bittercress (Cardamine hirsute) 68
Pcppergrass (Lepidium spp.) 69
Watercress (Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum) 70
Cactaceae (cacti) 72
Eastern Prickly Pear (Opuntia bumifisa) 72
Cannabaceae (cannabis, hackberries, hops) 75
Common Hackberry (Celtis occidentalis) 75
Caprifoliaceae (corn salads, honeysuckles) 78
Corn Salad (Valenanella radiata) 78
Caryophyllaceae (chickweeds, carnations, pinks) 80
Common Chickweed (Stetlaria media) 80
Ebenaceae (persimmons, ebonies) 82
American Persimmon (Diospyros virginiand) 82
Elaeagnaceae (silverberries, oleasters) 85
Autumn Olive (Elaeagnus itmbellata) 85
Ericaceae (blueberries, heaths) 87
HiHside Blueberry (Vacciniumpallidum) 87
Deerberry (Vaccinium stamineum) 87
Tree Farkleberry (Vaccinium arboretum) 87
Fabaceae (beans, peas, legumes) 89
Hog Peanut (Amphicarpaea bracteata) 89
Trailing Fuzzy Bean (Strophostyles helvula) 89
American Groundnut (Apios americana) 92
Ground Plum (Astragalus crassicarpus) 94
Eastern Redbud (Cercis canadensis) 96
Fagaceae (beeches, oaks) 99
Oaks (Qttercus spp.) 99
Grossulariaceae (gooseberries) 102
Missouri Gooseberry (Ribes missourieme) 102
Juglandaceae (hickories, walnuts) 104
Hickories (Carya spp.) 104
Black Walnut (Juglans nigra) 107
Butternut (Juglans cinerea) 107
Lamiaceae (non-aromatic mints) 109
Henbit (Lamium amplexicaule) 109
Purple Deadnettle (Lamium purpureum) 109
Ground Ivy (Glechoma hedemcea) 109
Lamiaceae (aromatic mints) 111
Arkansas Calamint (Clinopodium arkansana) 111
Dittany (Cunila origanoides) 113
Hairy Mountain Minr (Pycnanthernum pilosum) 114
Perilla (Perilla frutescens) 115
Wild Bergamot (Monarda fistulosa) 116
Field Mint (Mentha arvense) 117
Malvaceae (mallows) 119
Common Mallow (Malva neglecta) 119
Basswood (Tilia americana) 120
Moraceae (mulberries) 122
Red Mulberry (Morus rubra) 122
Nelumbonaceae (lotuses) 124
American Lotus (Nelurnbo luted) 124
Nymphaeaceae (water lilies) 126
Yellow Pond Lily (Nupkar advena) 126
Onagraceae (evening primroses) 128
Common Evening Primrose (Oenothera biennis) 128
Oxalidaceae (sorrels) 130
Violet Wood Sorrel (Oxalis violaced) 130
Yellow Wood Sorrel (Oxalis stricta) 130
Passifloraceae (passionflowers) 133
Purple Passionflower (Passiflora incarnata) 133
Phytolaccaceae (pokeweeds) 136
Pokeweed (Phytolacca americana) 136
Plamaginaceae (plantains) 138
Broad-leaved Plantain (Plantago major) 138
Polygonaceae (buckwheats, knotweeds, smartweeds) 140
Climbing False Buckwheat (Fallopia scandens) 140
Smartweeds (Persicaria spp.) 142
Field Sorrel (Rumex acetosella) 144
Curly Dock (Rumex crispits) 146
Portulaceae (purslanes) 149
Spring Beauty (Claytonia virginica) 149
Purslane (Portulaca oleracea) 150
Rosaceae (roses, apples, numerous fruits and berries) 153
Downy Serviceberry (Amelanchier arborea) 153
Downy Hawthorn (Crataegus mollis) 155
Wild Strawberry (Fragaria virginiana) 157
Wild Plum (Primus americanus) 158
Wild Black Cherry (Prunus serotind) 160
Blackberry (Rubus allegheniensis) 162
Dewberry (Rubus flagellars) 162
Black Raspberry (Rubus occidentalis) 162
Sapindaceae (maples, buckeyes) 164
Silver Maple (Acer sacckarinum) 164
Sugar Maple (Acer saccharum) 164
Red Maple (Acer rubrum) 164
Ohio Buckeye (Aesculus glabra) 167
Solanaceae (nightshades, tomatoes, peppers, potatoes) 169
Common Ground Cherry (Physalis longifolium) 169
Ulmaceae (elms) 173
American Elm (Ulmus americana) 173
Slippery Elm (Ulmus rubra) 173
Urticaceae (nettles) 175
Wood Nettle (Laportea canadensis) 175
Stinging Nettle (Urtica dioica) 175
Violaceae (violets) 178
Common Blue Violet (Viola sororia) 178
Vitaceae (grapes) 180
Riverbank Grape (Vitis riparid) 181
Monocots 183
Alismataceae (arrowheads, water plantains) 184
Common Arrowhead (Sagittaria latifolia) 184
Commelinaceae (dayflowers, spiderworts) 186
Asiatic Dayflower (Commelina communis) 186
Ohio Spiderwort (Tradescantia ohiemis) 189
Cyperaceae (sedges) 190
Yellow Nutsedge (Cyperus esculenlus) 191
Liliaceae (lilies, garlics, agaves, asparagus) 193
Wild Onion (Allium vineale) 194
Wild Hyacinth (Camama scilloides) 197
Trout Lily (Erythronium albidum) 199
Orange Day Lily (Hemerocallis fulva) 201
Solomon's Seal (Polygonatum biflorum) 202
Melanthiaceae (bunchflowers, miliums) 206
Trillium (Trillium sessile) 206
Smilacaceae (greenbriers) 208
Greenbrier (Smilax spp.) 208
Typhaceae (cattails) 210
Common Cattail (Typha latifolia) 210
Appendix A Getting Started 212
Appendix B Plants by Food Type 216
Appendix C Edible Insects 219
Appendix D Industrial Food vs. Wild Food 220
Glossary 221
Index 226
About the Author 230
