Table of Contents
About the Authors vii
Introduction 1
The Overall Model 2
The Need for Subject-Specific Models 6
About This Book 7
Part I Feedback 9
1 Providing and Communicating Clear Learning Goals 11
Element 1 Providing Scales and Rubrics 11
Element 2 Tracking Student Progress 16
Element 3 Celebrating Success 19
Summary 22
2 Using Assessments 23
Element 4 Using Informal Assessments of the Whole Class 23
Element 5 Using Formal Assessments of Individual Students 27
Summary 30
Part II Content 31
3 Conducting Direct Instruction Lessons 33
Element 6 Chunking Content 34
Element 7 Processing Content 38
Element 8 Recording and Representing Content 44
Summary 52
4 Conducting Practicing and Deepening Lessons 53
Element 9 Using Structured Practice Sessions 54
Element 10 Examining Similarities and Differences 59
Element 11 Examining Errors in Reasoning 62
Summary 65
5 Conducting Knowledge Application Lessons 67
Element 12 Engaging Students in Cognitively Complex Tasks 67
Element 13 Providing Resources and Guidance 69
Element 14 Generating and Defending Claims 72
Summery 75
6 Using Strategies That Appear in All Types of Lessons 77
Element 15 Previewing Strategies 78
Element 16 Highlighting Critical Information 80
Element 17 Reviewing Content 82
Element 18 Revising Knowledge 85
Element 19 Reflecting on Learning 88
Element 20 Assigning Purposeful Homework 90
Element 21 Elaborating on Information 91
Element 22 Organizing Students to Interact 93
Summary 100
Part III Context 101
7 Using Engagement Strategies 103
Element 23 Noticing and Reacting When Students Are Not Engaged 104
Element 24 Increasing Response Rates 105
Element 25 Using Physical Movement 108
Element 26 Maintaining a Lively Pace 109
Element 27 Demonstrating Intensity and Enthusiasm 112
Element 28 Presenting Unusual Information 114
Element 29 Using Friendly Controversy 118
Element 30 Using Academic Games 121
Element 31 Providing Opportunities for Students to Talk About Themselves 124
Element 32 Motivating and Inspiring Students 127
Summary 130
8 Implementing Rules and Procedures and Building Relationships 131
Element 34 Organizing the Physical Layout of the Classroom 131
Element 39 Understanding Students' Backgrounds and Interests 134
Summary 139
9 Developing Expertise 141
Step 1 Conduct a Self-Audit 142
Step 2 Select Goal Elements and Specific Strategies 144
Step 3 Engage in Deliberate Practice and Track Progress 144
Step 4 Engage in Continuous Improvement by Planning for Future Growth 146
Summary 146
Afterword 147
Appendix A The New Art and Science of Teaching Framework Overview 149
Appendix B List of Figures and Tables 163
References and Resources 167
Index 171
